Episode 2- Part 201

(Time stamps created with Notegpt andDeepseek)

00:00:05 – Introduction to Ijtihad (Islamic juristic reasoning) and its necessity in contemporary issues.
00:00:38 – Ijtihad defined: Addressing gaps where Quran and Sunnah are silent. Contrast with traditional closure (Inshaad al-Ijtihad) claims.
00:01:11 – Is Ijtihad still valid today? Yes—new issues (science, politics) demand fresh reasoning. Reference to Makamat (Ghamidi’s work).
00:02:40 – Ijtihad is perpetual like “air and water”—essential for adapting to cultural/scientific changes (e.g., democracy, medical ethics).
00:04:05 – Historical rebuttal: Ijtihad never ceased. Examples: Ibn Taymiyyah, Shah Waliullah, and modern scholars.
00:05:35 – Role of intellect (‘Aql) in Ijtihad: Allah delegates matters to human reason (Quranic principle: Amruhum shura baynahum, 42:38).
00:08:21 – Scope of Ijtihad: Limited to areas not explicitly covered by Quran/Sunnah. Example: Governance systems (Quran’s general principle → democratic Ijtihad).
00:09:48 – Ijtihad as a tool for civilizational progress; Muslim decline linked to abandoning reasoned inquiry.
00:12:17 – Practical necessity: Linking divine guidance (Hidayah) to modern contexts (e.g., Shura → parliamentary systems).
00:14:10 – Qualifications for Ijtihad:

• Traditional view: Mastery of 12+ Islamic sciences (e.g., Usul al-Fiqh).

• Ghamidi’s view: No rigid “gatekeeping”—reasoned debate (Daleel) matters more than titles.
  00:17:58 – Rejection of blind Taqlid (imitation): Sahaba and Tabi’in relied on evidence, not personalities.
  00:20:37 – Democratizing Ijtihad: Even non-Muslims’ wisdom (Hikmat) can be accepted if aligned with Quranic principles (Hadith: “Wisdom is the believer’s lost property”).
  00:24:40 – Example: Democracy—a Quranic principle (Shura) operationalized by non-Muslims, now embraced by Muslims.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zsn_Z24iP5I

Episode 3- Part 202

(Time stamps created with Notegpt andDeepseek)

00:00:05 — Introduction to Ijtihad in Islam — Reference to Silasile Guftagu 23 (ongoing lecture series).
00:00:37 — The Role of Argumentation (Istidlal) in Ijtihad — General principle in Usul al-Fiqh.
00:01:11 — Principles of Islamic Thought (Usul-e-Fikr) — Reference to the book Makamat by the speaker.
00:02:03 — Quran & Sunnah as Primary Sources — Quran 4:59 (“Obey Allah and His Messenger”).
00:02:48 — Difference Between Understanding (Fahm) & Ijtihad — Classical Usul al-Fiqh distinction.
00:03:41 — Methodology of Quranic Interpretation — Reference to Meezan (book) on Usul-e-Mabadi.
00:04:28 — Categorizing Hadith & Sunnah — Hadith sciences (Mustalah al-Hadith).
00:05:13 — Principles of Understanding Hadith — Mabadi Tadabbur-e-Hadith (scholarly methodology).
00:06:00 — Hermeneutics in Islamic Law — Tafsir bi’l-Ra’y (rational interpretation).
00:07:17 — Shariah vs. Fiqh — Difference between divine law & human deduction.
00:08:32 — Rational Implications (Aqli Mujmalat) in Quran — Example: Extending rulings by analogy (Qiyas).
00:09:14 — Summary of Usul-e-Mabadi — Reference to Makamat (book) for concise principles.
00:10:41 — Ijtihad for Unclear Rulings — Quran 2:185 (“Allah intends ease for you”).
00:11:27 — Determining Qibla via Ijtihad — Historical example of Sahabah’s reasoning.
00:12:07 — Shura (Consultation) in Governance — Quran 42:38 (“Their affairs are by consultation”).
00:13:32 — Halal & Haram in Islamic Law — Quran 5:3 (“Prohibited to you are…”).
00:14:51 — Using Reason (Aql) in Jurisprudence — Imam Shafi’i’s Risala on Qiyas.
00:16:03 — Linguistic & Rational Quranic Rulings — Usul al-Tafsir principles.
00:17:16 — Qiyas in Fasting Exemptions — Derived from Quran 2:184 (“For those who can fast with difficulty…”).
00:18:36 — Ijtihad to Understand Allah’s Intent — Quran 59:7 (“Take what the Messenger gives you…”).
00:19:55 — Divorce Laws in Surah Talaq — Quran 65:1-7 (detailed rulings).
00:21:09 — Applying Quran to New Issues — Example of modern financial transactions.
00:22:38 — Flexibility in Islamic Law — Quran 5:6 (“Allah does not burden a soul beyond capacity”).
00:23:57 — Training in Ijtihad — Hadith: “The scholar’s ink is holier than a martyr’s blood.” (Weak, but often cited).
00:25:13 — Shariah (Divine Law) vs. Fiqh (Human Interpretation) — Classical distinction in Usul al-Fiqh.
00:26:35 — Qiyas as a Form of Ijtihad — Imam Abu Hanifa’s reliance on analogy.
00:27:51 — Prophetic Ijtihad (Fiqh al-Nabi) — Hadith on Prophet’s (ﷺ) personal rulings (Sunan Abu Dawud 3592).
00:29:18 — Scholarly Ijtihad by Fuqaha — Reference to Al-Muwafaqat by Imam Shatibi.
00:30:44 — Principles of Ijtihad (Usul al-Fiqh) — Al-Mustasfa by Imam Ghazali.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPSJ3gmIDFA

Episode 4- Part 203

(Time stamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

00:00:05 — Introduction

00:00:32 — Definition of Usul-e-Fiqh (Principles of Jurisprudence) — Classical Usul al-Fiqh literature.
00:01:03 — Methodology of Ijtihad — Reference to the book Makamat by the speaker.
00:02:03 — Quran & Sunnah as Primary Sources — Quran 4:59 (“Obey Allah and His Messenger”).
00:02:48 — Distinction Between Fahm (Understanding) & Ijtihad — Scholarly discourse in Usul al-Fiqh.
00:03:41 — Principles of Quranic Interpretation — Reference to Meezan (book) on Usul-e-Mabadi.
00:04:28 — Categorizing Hadith & Sunnah — Mustalah al-Hadith (Hadith Terminology).
00:05:13 — Understanding Hadith — Mabadi Tadabbur-e-Hadith (Methodology of Hadith Analysis).
00:06:00 — Hermeneutics in Islamic Law — Tafsir bi’l-Ra’y (Rational Interpretation).
00:07:17 — Shariah vs. Fiqh — Difference between divine law & human deduction.
00:08:32 — Rational Implications (Aqli Mujmalat) in Quran — Example of Qiyas (Analogical Reasoning).
00:09:14 — Summary of Usul-e-Mabadi — Reference to Makamat (book).
00:10:41 — Ijtihad for Unclear Rulings — Quran 2:185 (“Allah intends ease for you”).
00:11:27 — Determining Qibla via Ijtihad — Historical example of Sahabah’s reasoning.
00:12:07 — Shura (Consultation) in Governance — Quran 42:38 (“Their affairs are by consultation”).
00:13:32 — Halal & Haram in Islamic Law — Quran 5:3 (“Prohibited to you are…”).
00:14:51 — Use of Reason (Aql) in Jurisprudence — Imam Shafi’i’s Risala on Qiyas.
00:16:03 — Linguistic & Rational Quranic Rulings — Usul al-Tafsir (Principles of Exegesis).
00:17:16 — Qiyas in Fasting Exemptions — Derived from Quran 2:184 (“For those who can fast with difficulty…”).
00:18:36 — Ijtihad to Understand Allah’s Intent — Quran 59:7 (“Take what the Messenger gives you…”).
00:19:55 — Divorce Laws in Surah Talaq — Quran 65:1-7 (Detailed rulings on divorce).
00:21:09 — Applying Quran to New Issues — Example of modern financial transactions.
00:22:38 — Flexibility in Islamic Law — Quran 5:6 (“Allah does not burden a soul beyond capacity”).
00:23:57 — Training in Ijtihad — Hadith: “The scholar’s ink is holier than a martyr’s blood.” (Weak, but often cited).
00:25:13 — Shariah (Divine Law) vs. Fiqh (Human Interpretation) — Classical distinction in Usul al-Fiqh.
00:26:35 — Qiyas as a Form of Ijtihad — Imam Abu Hanifa’s reliance on analogy.
00:27:51 — Prophetic Ijtihad (Fiqh al-Nabi) — Hadith on Prophet’s (ﷺ) personal rulings (Sunan Abu Dawud 3592).
00:29:18 — Scholarly Ijtihad by Fuqaha — Reference to Al-Muwafaqat by Imam Shatibi.
00:30:44 — Principles of Ijtihad (Usul al-Fiqh) — Al-Mustasfa by Imam Ghazali.
00:32:02 — Taharah (Purification) in Worship — Quran 2:222 (“Allah loves those who purify themselves”).
00:33:15 — Objective (Maqasid) of Shariah — Reference to Maqasid al-Shariah literature.
00:34:24 — Tazkiyah (Purification of the Soul) — Quran 91:9-10 (“Successful is he who purifies it”).
00:35:48 — Role of Prophets in Tazkiyah — Quran 62:2 (“He purifies them and teaches them the Book”).

https://youtu.be/25Fir2DTcS4

Episode 5- Part 204

(Time stamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CKnM7sR-G-c

00:00 – Introduction to Ijtihad Series – Discusses objectives of Shariah (Maqasid al-Shariah)
00:33 – Foundations of Ijtihad Methodology – Core principles: Quran, Sunnah, universal rules
01:05 – Components of Ijtihad: Ahkam, Ilal, Qawa’id – Ahkam (commandments), Ilal (underlying reasons), Qawa’id Ammah (universal principles)
01:55 – Applying Qiyas (Analogical Reasoning) – Zakat on buffaloes analogized to cattle (Hadith: Sahih Bukhari 1454)
04:10 – Modern Wealth Production & Zakat – Extending agricultural zakat principles to new assets (Quran 6:141 Quran 6:141)
04:55 – Universal Principle: Halal & Haram – “Permitting good things, forbidding impure things” (Quran 7:157 Quran 7:157)
05:10 – Identifying Ruling Rationales (Ilal) – Divine wisdom behind commandments (Quran 65:3 Quran 65:3)
06:19 – Ijtihad Process for New Scenarios – Case study: Zakat on non-traditional assets
09:21 – Fiqh as Derivative of Primary Sources – Fiqh must align with Quran/Sunnah (Quran 4:59 Quran 4:59)
14:04 – Prohibition Based on Harm Principle – Forbidding intoxicants via universal rule (Quran 5:90 Quran 5:90)
18:13 – Financial Qawa’id: Prohibiting Gharar – Avoiding ambiguous transactions (Hadith: Sunan Ibn Majah 2195)
20:57 – Hierarchy: Primary Sources over Fiqh – Fiqh as derivative, not independent source
22:33 – Authenticating Narratives (Akhbar) – Hadith acceptance requires alignment with principles
25:14 – Resolving Scholarly Differences – Returning to primary sources during ikhtilaf

Key references:

• Quranic verses on divine objectives (7:157, 65:3)

• Prophetic hadith on zakat livestock (Bukhari 1454)

• Prohibition principles in Quran (5:90, 6:141)

• Transaction rules in Sunnah (Ibn Majah 2195)

Episode 6- Part 205

(Time stamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4aDVEoYwv2A

00:05 — Introduction to Ijtihad discussion series —
00:33 — Fourth principle: Religious commands have inherent essence (haqiqat) —
01:23 –– Zakat example: Essence vs. form of wealth — Hadith on Zakat Sahih Bukhari 24
02:13 –– Prophetic precedent on Zakat for gold/silver — Quran 9:103 Quran 9:103
03:41 — Commercial wealth analogy for Zakat applicability —
05:09 — Animal Zakat: Form-based analogy (buffalo vs. cow) —
06:28 –– Quranic basis for juristic essence — Quran 2:185 Quran 2:185
07:49 — Essence as ‘illah’ (effective cause) in rulings —
09:14 — Fasting concessions: Travel/sickness exceptions — Quran 2:184-185 Quran 2:184-185
10:34 –– Extending concessions to breastfeeding/pregnancy —
12:38 — Fifth principle: Three methods of juristic inference —
14:05 –– Root-to-branch method: Halal/Haram classification — Quran 7:157 Quran 7:157
15:28 — Branch-to-branch via root: Tayammum to sock-wiping — Hadith on Masah Sahih Muslim 276
16:53 — Sixth principle: Authority of Prophetic Ijtihad — Quran 4:113 Quran 4:113
17:36 –– Criteria for accepting Ahad narrations —
18:21 –– Using weak Hadith in administrative matters —
20:28 — Divorce procedure example: Weak Hadith application — Sunan Abi Dawud 2197 Sunan Abi Dawud 2197
21:07 — Conclusion: Framework for Ijtihad validation —

Episode 7- Part 206

(Time stamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvqKKp1MfpE

00:05 – Introduction to Ijtihad discussion series –
00:38 – Zakat extension to modern wealth forms (salary, property) –
01:08 – Prophetic Zakat precedents (gold, silver, livestock, crops) – Quran 9:103 Quran 9:103
02:31 – Essence (haqiqah) vs. form in Islamic rulings –
03:14 – Zakat on trade goods: Historical extension by Sahaba –
04:00 – Currency as modern “wealth” equivalent to gold/silver –
04:48 – Commercial wealth analogy for Zakat applicability –
05:29 – Buffalo-cow analogy in livestock Zakat – Hadith on cattle Zakat Sunan Abi Dawud 1564
06:18 – Paper currency as a store of value –
07:00 – Real estate and capital appreciation as taxable wealth –
08:19 – Trade goods (historical) vs. modern commercial assets –
09:00 – Agricultural vs. capital Zakat rates (5%, 10%, 20%) – Quran 6:141 Quran 6:141
09:36 – Service industry income and Zakat applicability –
10:20 – Rationale for differential Zakat rates on production vs. capital –
11:38 – Consistency of juristic principles across eras –
12:16 – Two categories of Zakat: Accumulated wealth vs. productive assets –
13:33 – Modern examples: Rental income, intellectual property –
14:17 – Hadith on mining wealth (Khums) – Sahih Bukhari 1499 Sahih Bukhari 1499
15:37 – Service sector earnings as “productive capital” –
16:14 – Historical precedent: Sahaba’s extension to trade goods –
17:36 – Core principle: Rulings follow objectives (maqasid) –
18:12 – Addressing objections to analogical reasoning (qiyas) –
19:22 – Quranic examples of rational-based rulings (Quran 4:11) – Quran 4:11
20:37 – Classical scholars on currency Zakat –
21:40 – Critique of “gold-backed currency” argument –
22:16 – Quranic emphasis on ruling rationales (e.g., inheritance laws) –
23:29 – Modern applications: Mall rentals, financial assets –
24:38 – Historical case: Zakat al-‘Urūz (trade goods tax) –
25:56 – Industrial revolution’s impact on wealth forms –
26:28 – Distinction: Static wealth vs. income-generating assets –
27:44 – Parallel example: Fasting concessions beyond Quranic text –
28:56 – Conclusion: Systematic approach to Ijtihad –

Episode 8- Part 207
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https://youtu.be/j0BrFEdFgNI

00:00:05 — Introduction to Series and Today’s Topic: Zakat — N/A
00:00:32 — The Principle of Ijtihad in Islamic Law — Reference to general Islamic legal principle
00:01:04 — Defining the Nisab (Minimum Threshold) for Zakat — Reference to the speaker’s book “Meezan”
00:02:33 — The Concept of Exemption (Istithna) in Zakat — Quranic principle (implied)
00:04:02 — Specified Expenditures (Masārif) for Zakat — Quran 9:60 (https://quran.com/9/60)
00:04:49 — Defining “Surplus” Wealth for Zakat Obligation — Quran 2:219 (https://quran.com/2/219)
00:06:15 — The Nisab as an Exemption Based on Need — Reference to Prophetic practice (Sunnah)
00:07:45 — Fixed Quantities vs. Percentages in Nisab — Reference to Prophetic practice (Sunnah)
00:09:10 — Historical Context and Wisdom Behind the Nisab — Quote from Shah Waliullah’s “Hujjatullah al-Baligha”
00:12:45 — Applying the Illah (Effective Cause) for Modern Nisab — Islamic legal principle of Illah
00:14:45 — Modern Application: Currency and New Forms of Wealth — Islamic legal principle of Ijtihad
00:17:16 — The Role of the Islamic State in Collecting Zakat — Islamic political jurisprudence
00:20:06 — Individual Calculation of Zakat in the Absence of a State — Islamic legal principle for individuals
00:22:20 — Historical Precedents of Exemption by the Prophet — Hadith on exemption for horses and vegetables
00:24:33 — The Permanent Authority of Prophetic Legislation — General principle of following the Sunnah
00:26:18 — Using Illah (Effective Cause) to Apply Rulings — Islamic legal principle of Qiyas (analogy)
00:27:53 — Applying Principles to Modern Industries like Services — Islamic legal principle of Ijtihad

quran.com

Quran.com

The Quran translated into many languages in a simple and easy interface

Episode 9- Part 208

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEQzajMdTcw

00:00:05 — Introduction to the series and today’s topic: Ijtihadi Ikhtilafat — N/A
00:00:36 — The issue of triple talaq and difference from mainstream opinion — N/A
00:02:01 — Explaining the difference with Caliph Umar’s ijtihad — N/A
00:03:48 — The correct procedure for divorce as prescribed by Allah — Quran 65:1 (https://quran.com/65/1)
00:06:06 — When divorce becomes a judicial case due to violation of procedure — N/A
00:11:16 — Two important cases of divorce presented to Prophet Muhammad — Sahih al-Bukhari (https://sunnah.com/bukhari)
00:11:59 — Case 1: Abdullah ibn Umar’s divorce during menstruation — Sahih Muslim (https://sunnah.com/muslim)
00:13:34 — Prophet’s verdict on Abdullah ibn Umar’s case — Sunan Abi Dawud (https://sunnah.com/abudawud)
00:15:15 — The wisdom behind the prescribed waiting period (Iddah) — Quran 65:1 (https://quran.com/65/1)
00:16:04 — Case 2: Rukana’s triple talaq in one sitting — Sunan Abi Dawud (https://sunnah.com/abudawud)
00:17:38 — Prophet’s inquiry into intention behind triple talaq — Sunan Ibn Majah (https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah)
00:20:25 — Quranic evidence on observing Iddah properly — Quran 65:1 (https://quran.com/65/1)
00:21:53 — Principles derived from Prophet’s verdicts on divorce — N/A
00:23:20 — First principle: Rectification possible for procedural violations — N/A
00:25:27 — Second principle: Right to explain one’s intention — N/A
00:27:36 — Third principle: Words may indicate emphasis, not actual divorce — N/A
00:31:17 — Need to return to Prophet’s method in modern society — N/A
00:32:37 — Conclusion: Advocating Prophet’s approach over Caliph Umar’s ijtihad — N/A
00:33:20 — Transition to discussion on Caliph Umar’s ijtihad — N/A

Episode 10- Part 209

Time stamps created with Notegpt and Deep seek.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbewJSu-XTk

00:00:05 — Introduction to the series and today’s topic: Istihlaki Talaq — N/A
00:00:34 — Caliph Umar’s Ijtihad on triple talaq and its acceptance — Reference to Caliph Umar’s ruling (Not from primary source)
00:01:17 — The Prophet’s method: inquiring about intention in talaq — Hadith involving Rukana bin Abd Yazeed (Not from primary source)
00:02:14 — Authority to accept or reject a person’s stated intention — Based on principles derived from the Prophet’s example
00:03:00 — Caliph Umar’s ruling to counter misuse of triple talaq — Reference to Caliph Umar’s contextual ruling
00:03:40 — Talaq is only effective when given according to prescribed method — Quranic principle on talaq procedure
00:04:23 — Historical practice: triple talaq counted as one in early era — Sahih Muslim, Hadith 1472 https://sunnah.com/muslim:1472
00:05:09 — Caliph Umar’s enforcement to prevent misuse of talaq — Continuation of Sahih Muslim reference
00:06:04 — Caliph Umar’s ruling was an administrative, not religious, change — Explanation of the nature of the ruling
00:06:46 — Contemporary problems necessitating a revisit of the ruling — N/A
00:07:23 — The need to return to the Prophet’s method of verifying intention — N/A
00:07:52 — Rulings are based on wisdom and objectives of Shariah — Islamic legal principle (Maqasid al-Shariah)
00:08:32 — Caliph Umar’s ruling included punishment for violators — Historical context of the enforcement
00:09:12 — Ijtihadi rulings are situational and can be changed — Islamic legal principle on Ijtihad
00:09:48 — Following the way of the Rightly Guided Caliphs — Hadith on following the Sunnah and Caliphs (Not from primary source)
00:10:24 — Distinction between political, scholarly, and ethical matters — N/A
00:11:07 — The concept of Minhaj al-Nubuwwah (Prophetic methodology) — N/A
00:11:45 — Critical analysis is allowed in scholarly matters — Islamic scholarly tradition
00:12:25 — Ethical judgments are based on knowledge and Quranic principles — N/A
00:13:06 — Requiring strong evidence for matters concerning the Companions — Principle of Islamic historiography
00:13:41 — Administrative decisions can be changed based on outcomes — N/A
00:14:11 — Ibn Taymiyyah’s view and Ahl-e-Hadith position on triple talaq — Reference to Ibn Taymiyyah’s ruling
00:14:50 — Case of Ibn Umar: counting a talaq given against the Sunnah — Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith 5253 https://sunnah.com/bukhari:5253
00:15:54 — Importance of assessing intention in violations, like in prayer — Islamic legal principle of Niyyah
00:16:35 — The Prophet’s instruction to reverse and re-initiate the action — Based on the case of Ibn Umar
00:17:45 — Scholarly differences in understanding specific cases are valid — Islamic legal principle of Ikhtilaf
00:18:16 — Weak narrations can be used to support reasoned opinions — Islamic methodology on Hadith classification
00:18:53 — Using weak narrations for supporting evidence, not for core rulings — Principle of using Da’if Hadith for Fada’il
00:19:31 — The role of reason and public interest in legal decisions — Islamic legal principle (Maslaha)
00:20:03 — Quranic emphasis on deliberate intention in talaq — Quran 65:1 https://quran.com/65/1
00:20:38 — Ijtihad is required to assess the validity of a talaq — Islamic legal principle
00:21:13 — Intention is inferred from words and context using reason — Islamic legal principle
00:21:44 — Addressing the hadith on jokes and seriousness in declarations — Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith 2039 https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah:2039
00:22:19 — Court’s role in assessing claims of joke versus seriousness — Islamic legal procedure
00:22:54 — The principle that statements are taken at face value in law — Islamic legal principle (Al-Ibrah bi al-Zawahir)
00:23:30 — Context of the hadith on jokes: preventing misuse of law — Explanation of the Hadith’s context
00:24:04 — Caliph Umar’s policy of not accepting excuses for triple talaq — Reference to Caliph Umar’s policy
00:24:36 — Context of the hadith on jokes involving a specific person — Explanation of the Hadith’s context
00:25:04 — The permissibility of pre-nuptial agreements on talaq procedure — Modern Islamic legal discussion
00:25:37 — Considering personal circumstances in legal judgments — Islamic legal principle (Al-‘Urf)
00:26:08 — State’s role in personal matters: intervention only in disputes — Islamic political philosophy
00:26:45 — State authority to make laws for public interest (Maslaha) — Islamic political philosophy
00:27:24 — State’s responsibility to adjudicate when a case is brought — Islamic judicial principle
00:28:02 — Conclusion on talaq given in anger or compulsively — N/A

Episode 11- Part 210
Time stamps created with Notegpt and Chatgpt.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YzEtqWMsG6Y

⏱️ 00:00:05 — Introduction & Objection on Tarawih — Series on 23 objections; critique that Ghamidi doesn’t see Tarawih as a separate prayer.

🕌 00:01:19 — Tarawih vs Tahajjud Debate — Ghamidi explains Tarawih is actually Tahajjud, not an independent Sunnah.

📖 00:03:00 — Sixth Prayer for Prophet ﷺ — Qur’an made Tahajjud obligatory only for the Prophet ﷺ (Surah Isra 17:79) — Quran.com/17/79.

🌙 00:04:44 — Early Revelation of Tahajjud — Initial command in Surah Muzzammil 73:1-8 — Quran.com/73/1-8.

🕋 00:06:42 — Purpose of Tahajjud — Night prayer strengthens heart for da’wah (Surah Muzzammil 73:1-8).

📜 00:07:33 — Tahajjud for Ummah as Nafl — Companions followed Prophet ﷺ, prayed max 11 rak‘at (Hadith Aisha RA, Bukhari 147).

🙏 00:09:51 — Number of Rak‘at Clarified — Prophet ﷺ prayed 11, not 13; Hadith Aisha RA (Bukhari 147) — Sunnah.com/bukhari:147.

📚 00:11:42 — Methods of Witr in Tahajjud — Multiple ways: 2+1, 5 continuous, 7, 9, 11 rak‘at (various narrations).

🔊 00:14:52 — Recitation Tone Guidance — Qur’an directs moderation (Surah Isra 17:110) — Quran.com/17/110.

👥 00:17:12 — Correct Time of Tahajjud — After sleep, last third of night (Surah Isra 17:79; Surah Muzzammil 73:20).

🌌 00:18:02 — Virtue of Last Third of Night — Allah descends, accepts dua (Hadith in Bukhari & Muslim).

💤 00:18:48 — Concession to Pray Before Sleep — Prophet ﷺ allowed if one fears not waking (Muslim 1767) — Sunnah.com/muslim:1767.

🏠 00:23:25 — Prophet’s Rare Congregation in Ramadan — People gathered when he prayed outside hujrah; stopped fearing obligation (Hadith Aisha RA, Bukhari 2012) — Sunnah.com/bukhari:2012.

⚖️ 00:28:30 — Umar’s Arrangement of Congregation — Saw disorder, appointed Ubayy bin Ka‘b as imam; his ijtihad, not new Sunnah.

🌙 00:31:33 — Emergence of Tarawih Name — 20+3 rak‘at led to breaks (tarwīhah), giving the name Tarawih; originally same Tahajjud.

📖 00:33:01 — Ghamidi’s Position Summarized — Tarawih is Tahajjud; Qur’an, Hadith, and history confirm no separate permanent prayer.