https://youtu.be/tKSQHpLDvUU

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Part 01 :
History of Muslim Ummah’s Rise & Fall | امت مسلمہ: عروج و زوال کی تاریخ |

00:00:13 – Introduction: The decline of Muslim empires (Ottoman, Mughal, Safavid) by the 17th century. Rise of revivalist movements (e.g., Tipu Sultan, Sayyid Ahmad Shahid, Imam Shamil).

00:01:15 – Revivalist movements: Examples from Africa (Sudan’s Mahdi), Middle East (Khilafat Movement), and Asia (Taliban, Al-Qaeda). Question: Why did these fail to restore Islamic dominance?

00:02:17 – The 1,000-year Islamic rule: Divine decree or historical cycle? Reference to Quranic prophecies (e.g., “You will rule the earth for a term”, Quran 24:55) and Hadith about temporal dominance.

00:05:24 – Pre-Islamic history: Prophetic missions (Noah, Abraham) and the rise/fall of earlier Muslim nations (e.g., Bani Israel under Moses/David/Solomon). Destruction of Jerusalem (Babylonian exile, Roman conquest).

00:12:01 – Bani Ismail’s rise: Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) mission and the Quranic promise of “mulkun azim” (great kingdom, Quran 4:54). Conquests under Rashidun/Umayyad Caliphates.

00:16:49 – Caliphate’s territorial limits: Quranic parallels to Bani Israel’s “Promised Land” (e.g., Greater Syria, Persia). Prophet’s (PBUH) letters to emperors (Heraclius, Khosrow) inviting them to Islam.

00:19:18 – Peak of Islamic empire: Rapid expansion (100 years) across Asia, Africa, Europe. Comparison to Solomon’s empire (Quran 27:17-44).

00:22:08 – Decline begins: Abbasid fragmentation, Mongol destruction of Baghdad (1258 CE). Hadith on 12 Caliphs from Quraysh signaling peak-then-decline.

00:25:26 – Ottoman twilight: Ibn Khaldun’s cyclical theory (Asabiyyah) applied. Quranic principle: “We alternate these days among people” (3:140).

00:29:11 – Modern era: Post-WWI collapse (1924). Reference to Arnold Toynbee’s “Age of Faith” (1,000-year Islamic civilizational dominance).

Key References

1. Quran 24:55 – Promise of succession (istikhlaf) conditional on faith/righteousness.

2. Hadith of 12 Caliphs (Muslim 1821) – Quraysh’s political dominance.

3. Solomon’s empire (Quran 27) – Precedent for divinely granted power.

4. Ibn Khaldun’s Muqaddimah – Cyclical rise/fall of civilizations.

https://youtu.be/wpYZonB-__k?feature=shared&t=7

Part 02 :
History of Muslim Ummah’s Rise & Fall | امت مسلمہ: عروج و زوال کی تاریخ |

(Timestamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

00:00:00 – Introduction to the discussion on the decline of Muslims, referencing the Quranic concept of nations rising and falling (Quran 3:140: “Such days [of varying fortunes] We alternate among the people…”).

00:00:40 – Causes of decline: Weakness in knowledge (ilm) and morality (akhlaq), linked to Quran 8:53 (“Allah does not change a people’s condition until they change what is in themselves”).

00:01:13 – External factors (e.g., colonialism, intellectual stagnation) and internal decay, citing Ibn Khaldun’s Muqaddimah on societal cycles.

00:01:44 – The role of ijtihad (independent reasoning) being abandoned, referencing Hadith on religious innovation (Bid‘ah) (Sahih Muslim 2674).

00:02:25 – Divine laws of rise and fall (Quran 13:11: “Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change themselves”).

00:03:04 – Prophetic mission ending with Muhammad (PBUH) (Quran 33:40: “Seal of the Prophets”), leading to gradual decline.

00:03:41 – Analogy of aging nations to aging individuals, referencing Quran 30:54 (“Allah is the Creator of weakness after strength”).

00:04:17 – Loss of balance (i‘tidal) in societal elements, echoing Quranic warnings (e.g., 2:143: “Ummah of moderation”).

00:04:59 – Neglect of intellectual revival (tajdid), citing Imam Ghazali’s Ihya Ulum al-Din on reviving knowledge.

00:05:39 – Self-awareness (shu‘ur) as a shield against decline (Quran 49:13: “O mankind, We created you from a single pair”).

00:06:16 – Identity crisis and blind imitation (taqlid), critiqued by Ibn Taymiyyah in Iqtida al-Sirat al-Mustaqim.

00:06:53 – Knowledge (ilm) as dynamic, not static (Hadith: “Seek knowledge from the cradle to the grave” — Al-Bayhaqi).

00:07:30 – Complacency in religious and worldly sciences, referencing Quran 58:11 (“Allah will raise those who believe and possess knowledge”).

00:08:04 – Wealth without wisdom leads to ruin (Quran 102:1: “Competition for wealth diverts you”).

00:08:40 – External influences dominate when internal ilm declines (Hadith: “The believer is wise” — Al-Tirmidhi).

00:09:17 – Sectarianism (firqah) condemned (Quran 6:159: “Do not divide into sects”).

00:09:54 – Quran as the ultimate guide (Quran 2:2: “This Book, no doubt, is guidance”).

00:10:30 – Stagnation in jurisprudence (fiqh), critiqued by Shah Waliullah in Hujjatullah al-Baligha.

00:11:04 – Dogmatism vs. dynamic faith (Quran 39:18: “Those who listen to speech and follow the best of it”).

00:11:40 – Misinterpretation of Quran and neglect of context, warned against in Hadith (Sunan Abu Dawud 3641).

00:12:17 – Decline of scholarly debate (munazara), referencing Imam Malik’s Muwatta on intellectual humility.

00:12:52 – Marginalization of social sciences (ulum al-umran), per Ibn Khaldun’s critique.

00:13:32 – Morality reduced to ritual (Quran 2:177: “Righteousness is not turning faces east or west”).

00:14:11 – Neglect of natural sciences (ulum al-tabi‘ah), contra Quranic encouragement (e.g., 3:190: “Reflect on the heavens and earth”).

00:14:49 – Social systems needing reform (Quran 13:11: “Change begins with the self”).

00:15:26 – Political stagnation, citing Nizam al-Mulk’s Siyasatnama on governance.

00:16:05 – Ijtihad in worldly matters (Hadith: “You know better your worldly affairs” — Sahih Muslim).

00:16:42 – Human interaction with creation (Quran 67:15: “Allah made the earth manageable for you”).

00:17:17 – Practical needs vs. spiritual escapism (Quran 28:77: “Seek the Hereafter but do not neglect your worldly share”).

00:17:52 – Social contracts (mu‘amalat) in Islam, per Al-Shatibi’s Maqasid al-Shariah.

00:18:23 – Overemphasis on metaphysics (falsafa) over pragmatism, critiqued by Ibn Rushd (Tahafut al-Tahafut).

00:19:02 – Ethics (akhlaq) as core (Hadith: “I was sent to perfect good character” — Al-Bukhari).

00:19:40 – Sufism’s role in decline (balanced view from Al-Ghazali’s Kimiya-e-Sa’adat).

00:20:19 – Elite detachment from societal needs, per Ibn Sina’s critiques.

00:20:58 – Lack of continuity in umran (civilizational) studies, per Ibn Khaldun.

00:21:36 – Intellectual energy misdirected (Quran 9:122: “Let a group from each community seek deep knowledge”).

00:22:15 – Sectarian identity overriding Islamic unity (Quran 3:103: “Hold firmly to Allah’s rope”).

00:22:51 – Quranic guidance as primary (Quran 5:48: “Judge by what Allah revealed”).

00:23:28 – Moral decline (Quran 8:53: “Allah does not change a people until they change themselves”).

00:24:03 – Purity (tazkiyah) neglected (Quran 91:9: “Successful is he who purifies it”).

00:24:40 – Worldly causes of decline (Hadith: “When trust is lost, await the Hour” — Bukhari).

00:25:17 – Divine support (nusrah) withdrawn (Quran 47:7: “If you support Allah, He will support you”).

00:25:54 – Historical parallels (Quran 17:76: “They nearly expelled you from the land”).

00:26:34 – Ottoman/Tatar examples of revival and decline (Ibn Khaldun’s Asabiyyah theory).

00:27:07 – Intellectual giants (e.g., Ibn Rushd, Ibn Arabi) as exceptions, not norms.

00:27:43 – Failure to sustain progress (Quran 12:111: “In their stories is a lesson”).

00:28:12 – Taqlid (blind imitation) in law vs. ijtihad (Shah Waliullah’s Al-Insaf).

00:28:42 – Institutional rigidity (Quran 2:170: “We found our fathers following this way”).

00:29:17 – Legal codification vs. dynamism (Hadith: “Difference among scholars is a mercy”).

00:29:53 – Unity in law (Quran 5:48: “For each of you, We made a law”).

00:30:26 – Fiqh vs. Shariah confusion (Al-Shatibi’s distinction in Al-Muwafaqat).

00:31:05 – Stagnation in legal thought (Ibn Qayyim’s I‘lam al-Muwaqqi‘in).

00:31:37 – Sufism’s critique (Ibn Taymiyyah’s Al-Furqan on excesses).

00:32:07 – Materialism vs. spirituality (Quran 57:20: “Life of this world is but amusement”).

00:32:38 – Balance (mizan) needed (Quran 55:7: “He established the balance”).

00:33:12 – Elite priorities shaping society (Quran 16:90: “Allah commands justice”).

00:33:47 – Overemphasis on metaphysics (Ibn Sina’s Al-Shifa critiques).

00:34:19 – Arrogance (istikbar) in empires (Quran 28:83: “That Home of the Hereafter We grant to those who seek not arrogance”).

00:34:53 – Mughal decline due to complacency (Bernier’s Travels in Mughal India).

00:35:25 – Historical lessons (Quran 40:21: “Have they not traveled through the land?”).

00:35:58 – Closing: Call for introspection (Quran 13:11: “Change begins within”).

Key References

• Quran: 3:140, 8:53, 13:11, 33:40, 30:54, 2:143, 49:13, 102:1, 6:159, 39:18, 67:15, 91:9, 47:7, 17:76, 12:111, 2:170, 55:7, 28:83.

• Hadith: Sahih Muslim 2674, Al-Tirmidhi, Bukhari, Sunan Abu Dawud 3641.

• Books: Ibn Khaldun’s Muqaddimah, Ghazali’s Ihya, Ibn Taymiyyah’s Iqtida, Shah Waliullah’s Hujjatullah, Ibn Rushd’s Tahafut.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUkD4ywLMRQ

Part 03 :
History of Muslim Ummah’s Rise & Fall | امت مسلمہ: عروج و زوال کی تاریخ |

(Timestamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

00:00:42- What is the relationship between religious knowledge and worldly decline? Quran (58:11) , (Sunan Ibn Majah 224)

00:01:20- Allah has given humans intellect to acquire knowledge. Quran (96:1-5), (Sunan Abu Dawud 3641)

00:02:09- Divine laws govern nations based on their choices. Quran (13:11), “The Decline of the Muslim Ummah” by Sayyid Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi

00:02:52- Allah’s support is tied to effort and divine decree. Quran (8:53)

00:03:32- Quranic principle: Every nation is given an opportunity. Quran (6:131-132)

00:04:14 – Muslims are entrusted with the responsibility of bearing witness to faith. Quran (2:143) , “The Role of Muslim Ummah in the Modern World” by Khurram Murad.

00:05:00- The covenant of Allah with the believers. Quran (5:7)

00:05:38- Allah’s promise of provision for those who uphold His covenant, Quran (7:96) , Quran (3:3-4)

00:07:01- Divine support is tied to faith and action. Quran (47:7), Quran (8:65) ,(Sahih Bukhari 71) Quran (9:105)

00:09:35- Neglect of worldly sciences led to decline. Book: “The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam” by Muhammad Iqbal, (Musnad Ahmad 22375), “Islam and the World” by Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi critiques intellectual decline., Quran (39:9)

00:12:12- Blind imitation (taqleed) restricted intellectual growth.

00:12:47- Knowledge must evolve through review and reform. Quran (2:170),

00:13:29- Scholars who challenged rigid traditions faced backlash. Books “Shah Waliullah: His Life and Works” by J.M.S. Baljon, “Ibn Taymiyya and His Times” by Yossef Rapoport.

00:14:36- Revival requires courage to challenge norms. Quran (3:104)

00:15:12- Weakness in knowledge leads to societal decline. “The Decline and Fall of the Muslim Civilization” by M.A. Khan, Quran (28:77)

00:16:16- Christian nations progressed despite abandoning faith? Quran (30:41)

00:16:50- Divine laws operate universally. Quran (35:43), Quran (17:77)

00:17:58- Muslims must uphold their covenant for divine support. Quran (3:103), Quran (8:66), Quran (3:123-126), Quran (13:11)

00:20:17 – Is divine support limited to Banu Israel or all Muslims? Quran (2:62), Quran (2:128)

00:21:27- Muslim unity is essential for divine support. Quran (8:46) Quran (3:103), Sunan Abu Dawud 4597)

00:21:54 – Internal conflicts weakened Muslim empires. Reference: – “Do not divide and fall into disputes.”

00:23:05- Allah gives nations chances before decline. Quran (22:40)

00:23:49- Rise of new Muslim dynasties (Ottomans, Mughals).“The Ottoman Centuries” by Lord Kinross.

00:24:26- Gradual decline due to intellectual stagnation. “The Venture of Islam” by Marshall Hodgson.

00:25:06- Quranic warnings about consequences of disobedience. Quran (17:16)

00:25:36- Modern revival through oil wealth—divine blessing? Quran (14:7)

00:26:09- Post-WWI collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate. Book: “The Fall of the Ottomans” by Eugene Rogan.

00:26:42 – Critical thinking in Islamic scholarship. Quran (39:18)

00:27:17- Secularism vs. Islamic intellectual tradition. Book: “Islam and Secularism” by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas.

00:27:55- Revivalist movements (Jamaluddin Afghani, Iqbal).Book: “Islam and Modernism” by Aziz Ahmad, Quran (2:143)

00:29:05- Quran must remain the ultimate authority. Quran (5:48), Sahih Muslim 1218, (Sunan Abu Dawud 4607)

00:31:22- Allah’s displeasure due to neglect of faith. Quran (8:53), Quran (9:39)

00:32:26- Revival requires knowledge and action. Quran (58:11)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kA1P2XyjEBs

Part 04 :
History of Muslim Ummah’s Rise & Fall | امت مسلمہ: عروج و زوال کی تاریخ |

(Timestamps created with Notegpt and Deepseek)

00:00:00- Program Introduction

00:01:10 – Root Causes of Muslim Ummah’s Decline *(Quran 16:90 on justice/kindness, Hadith on knowledge deficiency)*

00:02:32 – Importance of Worldly and Religious Knowledge (Reference to Islamic golden age scholars)

00:03:45 – Moral Foundations in Islam *(Quran 17:23-39 – Ahkam al-Ashara, Ten Commandments)*

00:05:01 – Justice as Core Islamic Value (Quran 4:135 on standing firm in justice)

00:06:24 – Vices vs Virtues in Quran *(Quran 16:90 prohibition of lewdness/oppression)*

00:07:06 – Moral Decay in Contemporary Muslim Societies (Hadith on backbiting as major sin)

00:08:15 – Historical Moral Excellence of Muslims (References to Baghdad’s merchant ethics)

00:09:27 – Current Ethical Shortcomings *(Quran 49:11-12 on backbiting/suspicion)*

00:10:31 – Poverty’s Impact on Morality (Hadith: “Poverty can lead to disbelief”)

00:11:40 – Effects of Political Subjugation (Historical analysis of Ottoman decline)

00:12:50 – Slavery’s Psychological Impact (Islamic rulings on slave treatment)

00:14:06– Personal Anecdote on Dignity (Quranic concept of karama/human dignity)

00:15:20 – Material Poverty vs Spiritual Poverty (Hadith on contentment/Qana’a)

00:16:26 – Urban Poverty Conditions (Modern case studies from Muslim cities)

00:17:37 – Wealth Distribution in Islam (Quran 59:7 on wealth circulation)

00:18:45 – Population-Resources Imbalance (Historical famines in Mughal India)

00:19:52 – Colonial Exploitation Effects (British colonial economic policies)

00:21:32 – Knowledge Gap Consequences (Decline of Islamic scientific tradition)

00:22:44 – Technological Stagnation (Lost Islamic agricultural innovations)

00:23:48 – Political Systems Comparison (Magna Carta vs Islamic shura system)

00:25:22 – Leadership Crisis Analysis (Hadith on responsibility of rulers)

00:26:29 – Solutions Through Knowledge Revival (Ibn Khaldun’s theory of civilization)

00:27:36 – Modern Democratization Challenges (Contemporary Muslim political struggles)

00:28:42 – – Intra-Muslim Conflicts (Quran 8:46 on unity)

00:30:24 – Islamic Legal Tradition (Fiqh evolution analysis)

00:31:29 – Power Transition Mechanisms (Shura/consultation principles)

00:32:35 – Democratic Reforms Discussion (Modern Islamic constitutionalism)

00:34:08 – Holistic Revival Approach (Integrated knowledge-morality framework)

00:36:27 – Dua for Ummah’s revival

https://youtu.be/s1WmunlGfuI?

https://youtu.be/zkfsq4FISv4?feature=shared