Khamar is the word used which means intoxicant. So any intoxicant is Haram.

The word used to prohibit is Najas. Which means filth. This is a stronger expression to tell something is haram.

To use the word Haram is the one way to tell somehing Haram. you cannot list all haram with the word Harrama or Hurrima etc,. Intoxicant is placed in the verse 90 with the things which are Haram and rated with such things to tell this is Haram too, and in the verse 91 intoxicant and game of chance are taken out to tell more about them that they lead to enmity, hatred, turning away from the remembrance of Allah and from Prayer. This is enough to make it haram.

Believers! Intoxicants, games of chance, idolatrous sacrifices at altars, and divining arrows are all abominations, the handiwork of Satan. So turn wholly away from it that you may attain to true success. (90)

By intoxicants and games of chance Satan only desires to create enmity and hatred between you, and to turn you away from the remembrance of Allah and from Prayer. Will you, then, desist? (91)

There is a mistake in my first sentence of the reply. It is

The word Haram is not the only way to tell something is Haram in Quran.

There are a lot many things which are forbidden. God mentioned them without telling they are Haram, but shows His displeasure in different ways to tell it is forbidden. For example, God never declared stealing, adultery, gambling, forbidding a widow from marrying again with her choice, fleeing away from the battle field etc.

Since we understand styles of Quran, so we do not doubt to determine a thing is haram when it is disapproved with strong adjectives, punishment, and principles on which a thing goes haram.