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Teaching Al Kitaab And Al Hikmah
Al-Jumu’ah – 62:2
Arabic
هُوَ ٱلَّذِى بَعَثَ فِى ٱلۡأُمِّيِّۦنَ رَسُولًا مِّنۡهُمۡ يَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَيُزَكِّيهِمۡ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلُ لَفِى ضَلَٰلٍ مُّبِينٍ
Al-Ma’idah – 5:110
Arabic
إِذۡ قَالَ ٱللَّهُ يَٰعِيسَى ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ ٱذۡكُرۡ نِعۡمَتِى عَلَيۡكَ وَعَلَىٰ وَٰلِدَتِكَ إِذۡ أَيَّدتُّكَ بِرُوحِ ٱلۡقُدُسِ تُكَلِّمُ ٱلنَّاسَ فِى ٱلۡمَهۡدِ وَكَهۡلًاۖ وَإِذۡ عَلَّمۡتُكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلَۖ وَإِذۡ تَخۡلُقُ مِنَ ٱلطِّينِ كَهَيۡـَٔةِ ٱلطَّيۡرِ بِإِذۡنِى فَتَنفُخُ فِيهَا فَتَكُونُ طَيۡرًۢا بِإِذۡنِىۖ وَتُبۡرِئُ ٱلۡأَكۡمَهَ وَٱلۡأَبۡرَصَ بِإِذۡنِىۖ وَإِذۡ تُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ بِإِذۡنِىۖ وَإِذۡ كَفَفۡتُ بَنِىٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ عَنكَ إِذۡ جِئۡتَهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا سِحۡرٌ مُّبِينٌ
I have a preposition to offer as to what al kitaab and al hikmah could mean here and would like some insights.
As we know, in Arab و can come in the meaning of أي or يعني, this is called as far as I am aware,عطف بيان .
So in the example of 62:2, the Rasul صلى الله عليه وسلم would يتلوا عليهم آياته and then the و would be in the meaning of يعني and the added bayaan is يعلمهم الكتاب والحكمة. This would mean the ayaat of the Quran teach law and the purification that the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم did would be by teaching them faith and ethics.
One could perhaps also say that the و in ويزكيهم is معطوف from يتلوا عليهم آياته. Eg the whole thing that is being done is that the Quran is being recited but purification and knowledge of the kitaab and the hikmah are a by product. If this theory is correct then w even only follow the Quran. But since الكتاب والحكمة seem to be a terminology of the Quran, the separation of simple عطف and عطف بيان here may not be correct.
The same case can be made for 5:110. So it was said to isa عليه السلام that وإذ علمتك الكتاب والحكمة and then و comes kn the meaning of يعني again showing that the torah is al kitaab and the Injeel is the hikmah. We of course know that the Torah is a lot of laws and injeel is a lot of faith and ethics.
So to take from here that the al kitaab and al hikmah are extraneous from the Quran would still be possible though further contemplation is required.
@irfan76 what do you think about the analysis for 62:2? Is it possible to say that ويزكيهم ويعلمه الكتاب والحكمة is all just عطف بيان on يتلوا عليهم آياته? This could be supported by the fact that we don’t find commands in the Quran of something like علِّمهم الكتاب or soemthing like علِّمهم الصلاة الصحيحة ولا تصلى كصلاة المشركين.
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12 Replies
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Teaching Al Kitaab And Al Hikmah
updated 3 years ago
2 Members
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12
Replies
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I read it thrice but i could not get your point clearly.
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Basically the Quran doesn’t say anywhere ‘teach al-kitaab’.
In 62:2 would the translation ‘the messengers recites his ayaat and purifies them ya’ni teaches them al kitaab and al hikmah’ make sense?
So the proposition would be that Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم taught al kitaab and al hikmah through simply reciting ayaat and somehow ‘purifying’ people.
Because in 5:110 we know that isa عليه السلام taught the Torah and the injeel. But the Torah can’t be ‘al-kitaab’ because Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is also teaching ‘al-kitaab’.
The important question would be how does Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم ‘purify’ people?
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He purified them by teaching them al-kitab and Hikmah as he purified them by taking Sadqah from them:
خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِم بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
عطف للبیان can also be translated as “in this way” he purifies them.
When people followed his teaching of al-kitab and Hikmah, this very process was meant to purify them.
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So my question is baiscally isn’t it clear that
1. Reciting ayaat leads to learning kitaab
2. Purifying them happens because if learning hikmah.
If so then the entire al kitaab should be in the Quran
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Both kitab i.e Law and hikma i.e content of belief and ethics help purify.
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My whole argument is that if we look at 5:110, the Torah itself is called al kitaab. So the Torah itself has the method to pray snd fast and do hajj (the uncorrupted version)
The ayah 62:2 seems to imply that simply reciting ayaat is enough to teach al kitaab. EG al kitaab isn’t separate from the Quran, it is inherently a part of it
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Quran is not just law and ethics it more than that like imzaar and it also helps purify
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So did Rasul Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم have 2 jobs or 4?
Did he simply recite ayaat and purify?
Or did he recite ayaat, purify, teach kitaab and teach hikmah?
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His job was to transmit Quran, with which he would teach law and ethics. the result was purification. purification is not another duty.
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so why does Ghamidi sahab say he taught people how to pray and removed bidah s through revelation?
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This is about Sunnah, purification or reviving of Sunnah so that Shariah or law can be acted upon fully. for example the law given for Salah and Hajj can only be adopted if the practices are revived in their pure form.
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